This product is for in vitro research only and is not intended for use in humans or animals.
Description
Pyruvate kinase (PK) regulates the final rate-limiting step of glycolysis in the production of pyruvate and
adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Alternate splicing of PKM pre-mRNA leads to PKM2 generation by the
inclusion of exon 10 and the exclusion of exon 9, which is specific for PKM1. Besides its cytosolic roles in
glycolysis, PKM2, which is upregulated by growth factor receptor activation 1, is phosphorylated at S37 by
extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 2. This phosphorylation leads to the cis-trans isomerization of
PKM2 by the peptidyl-proline isomerase protein interacting
with never in mitosis A 1 (PIN1), exposure of the nuclear
localization signal (NLS) of PKM2, and subsequent binding of
importin 5 for nuclear translocation 2. In the nucleus, PKM2
binds to phosphorylated Y333 of -catenin, which is essential
for -catenin transactivation 3, and interacts with and
phosphorylates histone H3 at T11, leading to H3-K9
acetylation and transcription of genes such as MYC and
CCND1 4. c-Myc expression results in the upregulation of
GLUT1, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and, in a positive
feedback loop, PTB-dependent PKM2, which subsequently
enhances the Warburg effect 2. Cyclin D1 expression, in turn,
promotes G1-S phase transition 3, 4.
Specificity: The antibody detects endogenous levels of total PKM2 protein.
Formulation: 1.0 mg/mL in phosphate buffer without Mg2+/Ca2+, pH7.4, 150mM NaCl and 50% glycerol
Dilution: 1:500 for Western Blotting
Synonyms: PKM PK3 OIP3 PK2
Accession: Swiss-Port #: P14618-1 NCBI Gene #: 5315 NCBI Protein #: NP_872270.1
References
1 Yang W, Xia Y, Cao Y et al. EGFR-induced and PKCepsilon monoubiquitylation-dependent NF-kappaB
activation upregulates PKM2 expression and promotes tumorigenesis. Molecular cell 2012; 48:771-784.
2 Yang W, Zheng Y, Xia Y et al. ERK1/2-dependent phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of PKM2
promotes the Warburg effect. Nature cell biology 2012; 14:1295-1304.
3 Yang W, Xia Y, Ji H et al. Nuclear PKM2 regulates beta-catenin transactivation upon EGFR activation.
Nature 2011; 480:118-122.
4 Yang W, Xia Y, Hawke D et al. PKM2 phosphorylates histone H3 and promotes gene transcription and
tumorigenesis. Cell 2012; 150:685-696.
PKM2 Antibody
Catalog: #AA001 100 ul
Orders: gmxhwh@hotmail.com
Application Species Reactivity Source Storage
WB, IP Human Mouse Monoclonal Ab -20 C