预期应用
ELISA法定量测定人血清、血浆或其它相关生物液体中IgG含量。
实验原理
本试剂盒应用竞争抑制酶标免疫分析法测定标本中待测物质水平。用纯化的抗体包被微孔板,制成固相抗体,往包被抗体的微孔中同时加入酶标的抗原和待测抗原,被测抗原与酶标记抗原对特异性抗体进行竞争结合。经过彻底洗涤后用底物TMB显色。TMB在过氧化物酶的催化下转化成蓝色,并在酸的作用下转化成最终的黄色。待测标本浓度越高,标记抗原和抗体的结合就越受到抑制,显色愈浅。显色的深浅与酶量呈正相关,而与样品中待测物质含量呈负相关。用酶标仪在450nm波长下测定吸光度(OD值),计算样品浓度。
Intended use
This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of human IgG concentrations in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.
Introduction
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a monomeric immunoglobulin, built of two heavy chains γ and two light chains. Each IgG has two antigen binding sites. It is the most abundant immunoglobulin and is approximately equally distributed in blood and in tissue liquids, constituting 75% of serum immunoglobulins in humans. IgG molecules are synthesised and secreted by plasma B cells.
IgG antibodies are predominately involved in the secondary antibody response, (the main antibody involved in primary response is IgM) which occurs approximately one month following antigen recognition, thus the presence of specific IgG generally corresponds to maturation of the antibody response. Pro-inflammatory cytokines particularly IL-4 and IL-2, have a crucial role in activation of the IgG antibody response.
This is the only isotype that can pass through the human placenta, thereby providing protection to the fetus in utero. Along with IgA secreted in the breast milk, residual IgG absorbed through the placenta provides the neonate with humoral immunity before its own immune system develops.
It can bind to many kinds of pathogens, for example viruses, bacteria, and fungi, and protects the body against them by agglutination and immobilization, complement activation (classical pathway), opsonization for phagocytosis and neutralization of their toxins. It also plays an important role in Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity(ADCC).
Test principle
This assay employs the competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay technique. A polyclonal antibody specific for human IgG has been pre-coated onto a microplate. A competitive inhibition reaction is launched between HRP labeled human IgG and unlabeled human IgG (Standards or samples) with the pre-coated antibody specific for human IgG. The more the amount of human IgG in samples, the less the HRP labeled human IgG bound by pre-coated antibody. The substrate solution are added to the wells, respectively. And the color develops in opposite to the amount of human IgG bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.
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