GowerLabs 近红外脑功能成像系统

This advanced brain-mapping system, designed and built by Europe’s leading biomedical optics research group, performs non-invasive imaging of physiological haemodynamic activity in real time.
 
Overview
The NTS Optical Imaging System uses light to image changes in blood volume and oxygenation. Our system, developed at UCL’s Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory (BORL), is borne out of over 25 years’ of research excellence. Two wavelengths of infrared light are injected at 16 different points on a subject’s head, and the diffused light is measured at 16 separate detection points. The system can be easily configured to study adults, children or neonates, thanks to a sophisticated illumination technique that allows completely flexible positioning of the light sources and detectors. A foam-covered pad is used to apply the optical fibres firmly but comfortably to the subject’s head, and the entire system is controlled via an easy-to-operate graphical user interface. We can supply our system (full size or bespoke) at a lower cost than our commercial competitors, and our customers benefit from ongoing access to our technical and scientific expertise.
Our article in the Review of Scientific Instruments describes the NTS Optical Imaging System in more detail.
Click here for more information about Diffuse Optical Tomography, a key technology behind the NTS Optical Imaging  System.

Features and Specifications
 Laser diodes provide source light at 780 nm and 850 nm.
 Any number of sources and detectors are available, up to a maximum of 16 sources (each providing both 780 nm and 850 nm light) and 16 detectors.
 Common configurations include:
Mini system: 6 sources, 4 detectors
Half system: 8 sources, 8 detectors
Full system: 16 sources, 16 detectors

Headgear
There are two headgear options available.
The first is based on an EEG array and is included with the NTS Optical Imaging System. This option is designed primarily for work with adults and newborns.
A second custom headgear option is available from the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development (CBCD) at Birkbeck, University of London. The CBCD designs and manufactures fNIRS headgear for infants and toddlers, based on extensive experience of infant fNIRS research spanning the last ten years. More information about the Centre can be found here. This headgear is offered as a supplementary plug-in for the Gowerlabs NTS Optical Imaging System. For more information, please download the PDF file linked to below.

 
Publications

Original publication describing the NTS Optical Imaging System

Everdell NL, Gibson AP, Tullis IDC, Vaithianathan T, Hebden JC and Delpy DT. A frequency multiplexed near-infrared topography system for imaging functional activation in the brain. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76, 093705, 2005.

Peer-reviewed articles using the NTS Optical Imaging System
Begus, K., Lloyd-Fox, S., Halliday, D., Papademetriou, M., Darboe, M.K., Prentice, A.M., Moore, S.E. & Elwell, C.E. Using fNIRS to study working memory of infants in rural Africa. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 876, p. 273-279, 2016.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Széplaki-Köllőd, B., Yin, J. & Csibra, G. Are you talking to me? Neural activations in 6-month-old infants in response to being addressed during natural interactions. Cortex 70, p. 35-48, 2015.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Wu, R., Richards, J.E., Elwell, C.E. & Johnson, M.H. Cortical Activation to Action Perception is associated with action production abilities in young infants. Cerebral Cortex, 25(2), 289-297, 2015.
Lloyd-Fox S, Papademetriou M, Darboe MK, Everdell NL, Wegmuller R, Prentice AM, Moore SE, Elwell CE. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess cognitive function in infants in rural Africa. Scientific Reports 4:4740, 2014.
Southgate, V., Begus, K., Lloyd-Fox, S. & Hamilton, A. Goal representation in the infant brain. NeuroImage, 85, 294-301, 2014.
Singh H, Cooper RJ, Lee CW, Dempsey LA, Edwards A, Brigadoi S, Airantzis D, Everdell NL, Michell A, Holder D, Hebden JC, Austin T. Mapping cortical haemodynamics during neonatal seizures using diffuse optical tomography: A case study. Neuroimage: Clinical 5, 256–265, 2014.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Richards, J.E., Blasi, A., Murphy, D.G.M., Elwell, C.E. & Johnson, M.H. Co-registering fNIRS with underlying cortical areas in infants. Neurophotonics. 1(2), 025006, 2014.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Blasi, A., Elwell, C.E. & Johnson, M.H. Test-retest reliability of fNIRS in infants. Neurophotonics. 1(2), 025005, 2014.
Fillippetti, M.L., Johnson, M.H., Lloyd-Fox, S., Dragovic, D. & Farroni, T. Body perception in newborns. Current Biology, 23, 2413-2416, 2013.
Grossmann, T., Lloyd-Fox, S. & Johnson, M.H. Brain responses reveal young infants’ sensitivity to when a social partner follows their gaze. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 6, 155-161, 2013.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Blasi., A., Elwell, C.E., Charman, T., Murphy, D., & Johnson, M.H. Reduced neural sensitivity to social stimuli in infants at risk for autism. Proceedings of the Royal Society, B. 280, 20123026, 2013.
Farroni, T., Chiarelli, A., Lloyd-Fox, S., Massaccesi, S., Merla, A., Gangi, V., Mattarello, T., Faranguna, D. & Johnson, M.H. Infant cortex responds to other humans from shortly after birth. Nature Scientific Reviews. 3, 2851, 2013.
Correia T, Lloyd-Fox S, Everdell NL, Blasi A, Elwell C, Hebden JC, Gibson AP. Three-dimensional optical topography of brain activity in infants watching videos of human movement. Physics in Medicine and Biology 57, 1135-1146, 2012.
Cristia A., Dupoux E., Hakuna Y., Lloyd-Fox S., Schuetze M., Kivits J., Bergvelt T., van Gelder M., Filippin M., Charron S., and Minagawa-Kawai Y. An online database of infant functional Near InfraRed Spectroscopy studies: A community-augmented systematic review. PLoS One, 8, e58906, 2012.
Papademetriou, M.D., Richards, J., Correia, T., Blasi, A., Murphy, D.G., Lloyd-Fox, S., Johnson, M. & Elwell, C.E. Cortical Mapping of 3D Optical Topography in Infants. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 985, 2012.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Blasi, A., Mercure, E., Elwell, C.E. & Johnson, M.H. The emergence of cerebral specialisation for the human voice over the first months of life. Social Neuroscience, 7, 317-330, 2012.
Cooper RJ, Hebden JC, O’Reilly H, Mitra S, Mitchell A, Everdell NL, Gibson AP, Austin T. Transient haemodynamic events in neurologically compromised infants: A simultaneous EEG and diffuse optical imaging study. Neuroimage 55(4), 1610-1616, 2011.
Lloyd-Fox S, Blasi A, Everdell NL, Elwell C, Johnson MH. Selective cortical mapping of biological motion processing in young infants. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23(9), 2521-2532, 2011.
Gervain, J., Mehler, J., Werker, J.F., Nelson, C.A., Csibra, G., Lloyd-Fox, S., Shukla, M. & Aslin, R.A. Near infrared spectroscopy: A report from the McDonnell Infant Methodology Consortium. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience. 1, 22-46, 2011.
Lloyd-Fox, S., Blasi, A. & Elwell, C.E. Illuminating the developing brain: The past, present and future of functional near infrared spectroscopy. Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Reviews, 34(3), 269-284, 2010.
Blasi, A., Phillips, D., Lloyd-Fox, S., Hui-Koh, P. & Elwell, C.E. Automatic detection of motion artifacts in infant functional optical topography studies. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 662, 279-284, 2010.
Cooper RJ, Everdell NL, Enfield LC, Gibson AP, Worley A, Hebden JC. Design and evaluation of a probe for simultaneous EEG and near-infrared imaging of cortical activation. Physics in Medicine and Biology 54, 2093-2102, 2009.
Correia T, Banga A, Everdell NL, Gibson AP, Hebden JC. A quantitative assessment of the depth sensitivity of an optical topography system using a solid dynamic tissue-phantom. Physics in Medicine and Biology 54, 6277-6286, 2009.
Lloyd-Fox S, Blasi A, Volein A, Everdell NL, Elwell CE, Johnson MH. Social Perception in Infancy: a near infrared spectroscopy study. Child Development 80(4), 986-999, 2009.
Cooper RJ, Bhatt D, Everdell NL, Hebden JC. A tissue-like, optically turbid and electrically conducting phantom for simultaneous EEG and near-infrared imaging. Physics in Medicine and Biology 54, N403-N408, 2009.
Grossman, T., Johnson, M.H., Lloyd-Fox, S., Blasi, A., Deligianni, F., Elwell, C. & Csibra, G. Early cortical specialization for face-to-face communication in human infants. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 275, 2803-2811, 2008.
Blasi A, Fox S, Everdell NL, Volein A, Tucker L, Csibra G, Gibson AP, Hebden JC, Johnson MH, Elwell CE. Investigation of depth dependent changes in cerebral haemodynamics during face perception in infants. Physics in Medicine and Biology 52, 6849-6864, 2007.

Functional NIRS theory and review articles
Scholkmann F, Kleiser S, Metz AJ, Zimmerman R, Pavia JM, Wolf U, Wolf M. A review on continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging instrumentation and methodology. Neuroimage 85, 6-27, 2014.
Ferrari M, Quaresima V. A brief review on the history of human functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) development and fields of application. Neuroimage 63(2), 921-935, 2012.
Delpy DT, Cope M, van der Zee P, Arridge S, Wray S, Wyatt JS. Estimation of optical pathlength through tissue from direct time of flight measurement. Physics in Medicine and Biology 33(12), 1433-1442, 1988...