全自动实验室反应量热器

全自动反应量热器
SIMULAR

反应量热器是一个化学反应研究工具，典型的反应器大小为1公升，它可以精确的模拟工业反应和测量反应热，以在工艺放大之前，可以得到安全性、可行性和最优化数据。

安全的工艺开发放大
反应量热器最常应用在一个工艺开发中测量热量释放的大小、从冷却的功率来计算放大量、另外潜在绝热温度上升也可由热释放量算出。结合其它的方法与技术便可订出安全操作的准则。更进一步的，可利用的信息还包含了反应物的积累和其它变量的影响(例如搅拌、催化剂对反应速率)，藉由改变进料的速率和反应的温度，可决定产品的生产效率和品质之最优化操作的条件。
无可妥协的弹性
SIMULAR是建立在我们所发展的电子监测、控制平台和最新的窗口软件基础上开发的一个不管是现在或将来都满足您化学工艺的需求的工具。
您可选择能提供最接近您工厂设备条件范围或性能的配件，然后组合成一个专门，简单的操作工具，来模拟你的设备和工艺。这包含了温度范围、搅拌速度、试剂进料的速率和甚至反应器的几何形状。您可进一步与我们联系，并会发现为什么我们可提供最好、最有弹性的反应量热器以符合您的应用中。
多种热量测量的方法
不像大部份的反应量热器需由专门人员操作，SIMULAR是设计给一般化学研究人员和化学安全专家来使用。经由在SIMULAR独有的热量补偿(Power Compensation)的热量测量法，可以准确的测量反应热量的释放，而不需要花时间在校正的步骤上或是复杂计算的程序。
对于大部份传统的使用者来说，正统的热流式(Heat Flow)热量测量法，也是SIMULAR提供的标准方法之一。

……生产工艺研发方面一个必要的工具

交钥匙系统
对于安全和有效的工艺放大，你的研究工具必需尽可能精确地去模拟你的工厂设备。
另外很重要的一点是，它可以得到关于在工艺上更多的信息和见解。就研究对象和设备配置选择而论，经由SIMULAR所提供的操作弹性和扩充性几乎是没有限制的，全部可整合于一交钥匙计算机系统，为您提供一专业的解决方案。

反应器
标准的反应器是一个1升常压玻璃系统。可择容量范围，从0.2到20升玻璃、不锈钢或是耐腐蚀合金容器，压力的等级最高至200bar。特殊的形状或顾客设计的容器亦可提供用以仿真实际设备的条件。

进料
试剂的进料 - 气体、液体和固体可应用不同方法做控制。标准的液体进料是结合泵与天平。低流速进料可选择注射泵，较高速或是高挥发性试剂的进料可使用加压容器。经由固定的反应器压力、气瓶/天平的组合或是质量流量控制器，可以控制气体的进料。自动固体进料可使用唯一由HEL自行发展的螺旋进料系统。

操作的范围
压力 - HEL对于在压力反应的研究，提供不同压力选择范围，包括6和12bar的玻璃反应器、60bar的不锈钢反应器和其它的合金及专用的材料的选择，其反应器的压力最高可操作至200bar。
温度 - 通过使用商用加热/冷却系统，我们能提供你需要的温度范围，在-80至350℃间，精确度在±0.1℃，所占空间亦较小，必要时也可提供紧急冷却。

控制和传感器
软件和计算机控制允许输入的多样性，若需要也可使用反馈控制。这方面包含了pH、浊度、导电度、FTIR、颗粒的大小等。

取样
HEL已开发了用于化学反应过程中自动取样和稀释的系统。另外也有手动式取样器可供选择。

为什么选择SIMULAR?
▲ 有弹性
无论是多宽广的温度选择，多种试剂的进料或者是反应器的设计，没有其它的系统，可象SIMULAR一样包含这么宽广的化学条件和变量的范围。
▲ 有效性
SIMULAR是提供Heat Flow、Power Compensation、Reflux Calorimetry等方法的反应量热器，每个方法有各自的优点，主要是取决于化学反应，且无论反应器的规格都适用。
▲ 可扩充
SIMULAR系统的模块性可允许你的系统在未来以较低的成本扩充，如进料、传感器等。
▲ 简易性
整个系统通常可置于现有的通风橱中，只需接上电源，使用我们所开发的新颖的人性化的软件和实验室常用标准的配件就可使您更容易上手。

不要指望你的化学反应屈就你的设备——选择SIMULAR适合你的化学反应。

量热器系统设计应用实例：
工艺最佳化(Process Optimisation)，产率(Yield)，反应时间(Batch time)
化学反应的最优化-增加产率，减少副产物等，常需要复杂的测量与控制相结合。SIMULAR具有独特弹性可从许多感应器输入讯号 - FTIR、浊度、颗粒大小测量的设备等 - 以从得到的数据中，对反应过程与工艺有更加了解。右图是显示同时使用FTIR和反应量热器-由红外线光谱搭配热量数据可看出产物的出现和反应物的消失。SIMULAR可结合不同的感应器的输入并容许调整控制参数，以影响反应。亦可透过平行运行模式预测与SIMULAR软件来进行模式预测控制。

工艺安全(Process Safety)，试剂的累积(Reagent accumulation)
很多的反应是以半间歇方式中进行：一个或是多个试剂，被控制以一固定进料速率下加入反应体系中，假如在所操作的温度下，反应的速率是慢的，则进料的试剂是累积在反应器中-而累积的量是一个进料速率的函数。右边第一张图显示是一个反应中超过70﹪进料的化学物被累积，藉由催化剂的使用，可以直接减少到30﹪。SIMULAR可用于估算累积量并可用来评价降低累积量的方法。催化剂的影响如下图所示。

工艺放大的数据(Scale-up Data)，热传(Heat transfer)，冷却功率(Cooling duty)
由SIMULAR可很容易的得到反应放大所需的化工信息，包括了夹套反应器或是回流冷凝器的冷却功率和热传速率。对于多相反应，混合是很重要的，搅拌桨的影响也能透过SIMULAR来研究。下列的例子是一包含了三个液相的回流反应，透过SIMULAR不仅可取得冷凝器的冷却功率，还可获得搅拌对诱导时间的影响。

热安全参数(Thermal Safety Parameters)，反应热(Reaction Heat)，潜在上升温度(Potential temperature rise)
反应量热器能提供整个反应过程的总放热量ΔHr，单位是焦耳/每克的混合物，由此可转换成反应的焓值。利用已知的总放热量，可以预测潜在的绝热上升温度ΔTad。混合物的比热Cp，也可使用SIMULAR测量出。利用已知的反应最大温度，可以评估潜在的危害，例如与混合物中的某一成份的分解温度比较，以评估反应冷却失效是否会造成更严重的分解反应。

反应动力学(Reaction Kinetics)，进料速率或是动力学控制的反应(Feed rate or kinetically control reaction)
已知热释放速率，是一个时间的函数，是一个直接的总动力学和热力学的反映，可使用这个信息，很快地去发展一个详细的反应热动力学的数学模式。假如混合的程度是不需要的，获得的数据即使没有任何详细的计算，亦可揭示出关键的特征，例如进料速率或是反应动力学的控制。附图显示的是传统控制进料的反应，从图上可以看出热量伴随着进料剧烈的上升和降低，且不受反应温度的影响。

符合法规的生产(Regulatory Compliant Production)，符合FDA(FDA compliance)
SIMULAR能用来作为小量样品的生产单元。由于具有高度控制的反应器和能完整地记录实验中所有数据，可与工业生产设备相比。如有需要，我们也可提供符合FDA CFR21 Rule II要求的winISO版本，主要差异为限制SIMULAR的使用权限和确保数据获得的完整性。


SIMULAR

Reaction Calorimetry
...an essential tool for Process R&D
A reaction calorimeter is a tool that allows for the precise simulation and thermal study of a chemistry and associated plant, typically at the one litre scale. Subsequently, important safety, viability and optimisation data can be obtained prior to scale up.
Safe process scale-up
The most common application of a reaction calorimeter is the determination of heat released during a process. From this the subsequent cooling duty required for scale up can be calculated. In addition the potential adiabatic temperature rise can be calculated. Combined with other techniques, a basis for safety can therefore be determined.
Further information available includes the determination of reagent accumulation and the impact of variables such as agitation and catalyst upon the reaction rate. By changing feed rates and batch temperature, the optimum operating conditions for both efficiency and product quality, can be determined.
Flexibility without compromise
SIMULAR is built around our unique modular electronics and the latest in-house developed Windows software, to provide you with a tool that meets your requirements, both now, and into the future.
Select the components that most closely match your plant conditions, then combine them to have a dedicated, simple-to operate tool that simulates your plant and process.This includes temperature range, agitation, speed, reagent feed rate and even reactor geometry - find out why we offer the best, most flexible, reaction calorimeter for your application.
Multiple calorimetric methods
Unlike most leading reaction calorimeters, SIMULAR is designed to be used by research chemists and safety specialists alike.This is made possible by power compensation calorimetry, unique to the SIMULAR.This allows accurate determination of heat release without the need for time-consuming calibration or complex calculation procedures.
For more conservative users, the classical heat flow calorimetry method is also supported as standard.
WHY SIMULAR?
Flexible:
Whether it is the wide temperature options,multiple reagent feeds or reactor specifications, no other system covers such a wide range of chemical conditions and variables.
Powerful:
SIMULAR is the only reaction calorimeter to offer Heat Flow, Power Compensation and Reflux Calorimetric techniques. Each of which offers specific advantages depending on your chemistry, and all are available regardless of reactor specification.
Expandable:
The modularity of SIMULAR systems allows you to add on to your system - feeds, sensors etc - in the future simply and without major cost implications.
Ease of ownership:
The system will fit into existing fume hoods and usually needs only existing power supplies.We also have the most innovative and user friendly software, and use the standard laboratory components that you are already familiar with.
DON’T CONFIGURE YOUR CHEMISTRY TO SUIT YOUR EQUIPMENT - SELECT THE SIMULAR TO SUIT YOUR CHEMISTRY.Specification
Turnkey systems:
For safe and efficient scale up, it is essential that your tools simulate your plant as closely as possible. In addition it is important that as much information and insight as possible about the process be obtained. As such the options, upgrades and flexibility offered by the SIMULAR are almost limitless, and we put them all together in a turnkey and dedicated solution.
Reactors:
The standard reactor is a 1 litre glass, atmospheric pressure system. Optional volumes range from 0.2 to 20 litres in glass, stainless steel or resistant alloy, with pressure ratings up to 200 bar. Specialist geometries and custom designed vessels are available to simulate real plant conditions.
Feeds:
Reagent Feeds - Gas, liquid and solids feeds are all available using a variety of application dependent techniques. Standard liquid feeds are pump and balance combinations, but options include syringe pumps for low flow rate feeds and pressurised vessels for faster rates and/or highly volatile reagents.
Gas feeds can be controlled via constant reactor pressure, bottle/balance combinations or even mass flow control. Finally automated solids addition is also made possible using a screw feed system developed exclusively by HEL.
Operating Range:
Pressure - HEL offer a range of options for the study of reactions under pressure including 6 and 12 bar glass reactors, 60 bar stainless steel with a number of other alloys and specialist material options. We even produce systems that operate at up to 200 bar reactor pressure.
Temperature - By using commercially available heater/chiller systems, we can offer you the temperature range you need, between -80 and over 350°C, with precision of better than +/-0.1°C. These systems also offer a small foot print and emergency cooling is available when required.
Controls & Sensors:
Software and electronics allow a variety of inputs to be logged and if necessary, used for feedback control. This includes pH, turbidity, conductivity, FTIR, particle size etc.
Sampling:
HEL have developed tools for automatic sampling and dilution during chemical reactions. A portable sampler, software driven, is available as an option.
Calorimetric Methods:
Only SIMULAR offers you three different methods of reaction calorimetry.
HEAT FLOW is the most widely used method, and is standard on all SIMULAR systems. Heat generated by the reaction is removed by the oil jacket, and by using precise calibration heaters, pre and post reaction, the energy evolved can be determined.
REFLUX CALORIMETRY allows for the determination of heat flow even during large changes in reflux temperature and reactant volume.
POWER COMPENSATION is a method that bypasses the need for the lengthy calibration steps involved in heat flow.

ADVANTAGES:
Reduced experiment time
• Intuitive ''live'' results
• Improved temperature control.
Running experiments:
winISO has been developed in-house to provide a logical and simple interface for describing multiple step processes.
Using input screens, arranged in a series of “recipe cards”, the operator simply indicates the required set point for each peripheral. Each step is then terminated on any selected conditions, (e.g. temperature, time, feeds completed), or by a series of logic statements.
During operation, all conditions are displayed on a mimic, numerically and on a trend graph. All steps can also be modified during operation. Changes are fully documented in the output file.
Information obtained:
All process variables such as pressure, temperature, pH, feed rate etc, can be stored on disc for off-line analysis as well as being displayed in real-time.
Formal calorimetric data is obtained by off-line calculation using our proprietary iQ software package. This includes reaction enthalpy, heat release rate, heat transfer rate etc.