Human high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), also known as HMG-1 and amphoterin is a member of the high mobility group box family of nonhistone chromosomal proteins. Human HMGB1 is structurally composed of two homologous DNA-binding domains entitled box A and box B and a highly negative-charged C terminus. HMGB1 is extremely conserved across species with 99- 100% aa sequence homology among human, mouse, rat, bovine, canine, porcine proteins. As a nuclear protein, HMGB1 is ubiquitously present in all vertebrate nuclei and binds double-stranded DNA without sequence specificity. HMGB1 stabilizes nucleosome formation and regulates the expression of select genes upon recruitment by DNA binding proteins. Although HMGB1 does not possess a classic signal sequence, it appears to be secreted as an acetylated form via secretory endolysosome exocytosis. Once secreted, HMGB1 transduces cellular signals through its high affinity receptor, RAGE and, possibly, TLR2 and TLR4, acting as a cytokine, and regulates monocyte, T cell, dendritic cell activities in inflammatory responses.

·Description
Recombinant Human HMGB1 produced by transiently transfected human cell is an intracellular protein with sequence(Accession#P09429) (Met1-Glu215) of human HMGB1.

·Quality Control

Biological activity:
As measured in a competitive binding assay,when rhRAGE/Fc Chimera is immobilized at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well), rhHMGB1 inhibits 50% binding of biotinylated rhHMGB1 (0.25 μg/mL) at the concentration range of 0.35-1.4 μg/mL.

Purity: Greater than 90.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by reducing and non-reducing SDS-PAGE Silver Stained gel.
Amino-Acid Sequence: Predicted N terminal amino acid is Met1.
Endotoxin:Less than 0.1ng/μg (1EU/μg) of rHu HMGB1.

·Formulation
Sterile and Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.

·Reconstitution
It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized recombinant Human HMGB1 in sterile water at no less than 100 μg/ml.

·Storage
Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -70 ℃.

Please avoid freeze-thaw cycles.